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וישלח 5

Ba'al Shem Tov · Vayishlach, Chapter 5

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    בזוהר הקדוש (דף קע"א ע"א) בענין תמכין דאורייתא, ומאן דלעי באורייתא ולית מאן דסמיך ליה ולא אשתכח מאן דאטיל מלאי לכיסיה וכו' עיין שם, שמעתי משל מאדוני אבי זקיני זללה"ה למלך שעשה מלחמה, ויש לו חיילות רבים, יש מהם הולכי רגלים ויש מהם רוכבי סוסים, ודרך המלחמה הוא שאותם הולכי רגלים הם עומדים בקשרי המלחמה מקושרים ומשולבים אחד אל אחד ולא יסורו כי מקושרים הם יחד כטבעות ברזל והם העומדים בעומק המלחמה שאי אפשר להם לברוח אנא ואנא, והרוכבי סוסים אף שהם גם כן במלחמה, כשבא עליהם המלחמה בחזקה הם בורחים בסוסיהם ואין מוסרים נפשם, אבל הרגליים הם מוסרים נפשם במלחמה בשביל כבוד המלך, וכשהשם יתברך עוזר להם שמנצחין במלחמה, אזי באים הרוכבים ובוזזים השלל כי יש להם סוסים כאשר יוכלו שאת, ונותנים עליהם משא, אבל הרגליים אינם לוקחין מהשלל רק מעט מזעיר לחם ומים בכדי להחיות את נפשם על יום אחד על כל פנים, כי כבד עליהם המשא טורח כובד השלל ודי לו בשלל נפשו, ובוטח הוא הלא כלנו עובדים מלך אחד בעד כבודו הרמה, וכשיחסר לו איזה דבר בשעת השלום יתן לי הרוכב מהשלל הרב שלקח הוא, כי מלך אחד אנחנו עובדים ובוודאי יש לנו חלק בזה השלל יותר מהם, כי אנחנו הגורמים בעזרת השם יתברך ניצוח המלחמה במסירות נפשינו, והם אינם עושים כן ואינם רוצים ליתן להם משללם אף מזון סעודה אחת באמרם שהם עצמם גרמו ניצוח המלחמה:

    And he touched the hollow of his (Jacob’s) thigh, and his thigh was put out of joint, as he wrestled with him. (32:26)
    “There are those who toils at Torah, with no one to support them, or put money in their pocket; therefore, the Torah is forgotten in every generation, and the strength of Torah is weakened every day”
    Zohar, parashas Vayishlach, p. 171a.
    I heard a parable from my grandfather [the Baal Shem Tov]. When a king wages war, he uses many types of soldiers, such as foot soldiers, and horsemen. According to the rules of war, it is the foot soldiers who enter the heat of the battle. They may even be chained together, so that they cannot disperse and flee, but must stand and fight. The horsemen are also involved in the battle; however, when the fighting becomes too dangerous, they escape, and do not risk their lives. The foot soldiers, however, risk their lives for the honor of the king.
    Yet, when they win the war, with G-d’s help, it is the horsemen who return and carry off all of the spoils, as much as their horses can bear. Whereas the foot soldiers do not take more than a little bread and water to keep themselves alive for another day. They cannot carry heavy booty, and are satisfied just to sustain their lives. They trust that in the time of peace, the horsemen will give them whatever they need, for they certainly deserve the larger portion of the spoils. Furthermore, all of them are serving the same king, and it was they who risked their lives to win the war, for the sake of his honor. However, when that time comes, the horsemen do not agree, and do not want to share their bounty – not even a single meal, for they claim that the victory was on account of them.

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    והנמשל מובן כי אנשי הצורה והעבודה הם דוגמת הרגליים, הם המוסרים נפשם תמיד על כבוד המלך מלכו של עולם, והם שמנצחים המלחמה להשבית כל המקטרגים והמסטינים הקמים עליהם ורוצים למנוע השפע מן העולם, ועל ידם יורד השפע לעולם, והרוכבים הם אנשי החומר, אשר רוכבים על סוסים גדולים וטובים, הם המזלות שלהם, ובשעת ניצוח המלחמה והשפע בא לעולם הם חוטפים הרבה שפע, ואנשי הצורה די להם בסיפוק יום יום כדרך התורה והבטחון, ודי להם בניצוח המלחמה שכבוד המלך נתגדל, ודעתם שאנשי החומר בוודאי יספיקו להם די צרכם כי הם באמת העיקר, והם לא כן ידמו, ואינם רוצים ליתן להם כלום, ואומרים לנו המים והשפע וכו' והם חוטפים את השפע וכו', עד אשר יעורר עצמו המלך בחסדו הגדול להסתכל על עובדיו ועל מעבדיו, ואז בוודאי יתן לכם השם בחסדו הגדול כל טוב וירויח לכם כי הוא היודע באמת שבכם תלוי הניצוח ולכם ראוי השלל והשפע לבא בדאשונה:
    (דמ"א פ' צו).

    What does this parable mean? The foot soldiers are spiritual people,53Literally, “men of form,” anshei tzurah, as opposed to “men of substance,” anshei chomer. The Baal Shem Tov uses the classic distinction between “form” and “substance,” the spiritual and the material, to describe the two types of people. Rabbi Yaakov Yosef of Polnoye writes that there is an inherent conflict between the physical and the spiritual. Whereas the spiritual is drawn to high ideals and seeks to unite with its G-dly source, the physical is drawn after material desires and lower cravings. The test in life is not to abandon the physical, but to uplift it so that it too can serve G-d. This is done when the physical is used in the service of the soul, such as in the performance of the commandments, giving charity, and other good deeds. And just as this applies to each individual, so does it apply to human beings as a whole: there are those who are involved in spiritual pursuits, and those who follow after material gain. When the latter lend financial support to the former, then together, they form one body whose direction in life is transcendence and G-dliness. Not only that, but since all material wealth descends from the spiritual realm, both will be blessed materially as well. However, when “men of substance” do not support the “men of form,” then both of them can fall away from the spiritual realm. According to the Zohar, this is the meaning of the struggle between Jacob and the angel (who was the guardian angel of Esau). Although Jacob, the man of the spirit, subdued him, he still caused Jacob harm by inflicting his legs, which represent the financial supporters of Torah – those who put Torah scholars “on their feet.” who constantly serve G-d, and give their lives for the honor of the king – the King of the world. They win the war, and defeat all the accusing forces that rise against them and try to prevent blessing from reaching this world. It is because of them that material bounty descends into this world. The horsemen are physical people, who ride on large and good horses; that is, their good fate.54Literally, their good constellations. When the war is won, and bounty flows into this world, they grab most of it; whereas the spiritual people make due with just enough for one day, as is the way of the Torah, and all those who trust in G-d. They are satisfied that they won the war, and that the king’s honor will be exalted, and they assume that the physical people will provide for their needs, since the spiritual people are really the more important of the two. However, material people don’t see it that way, and don’t want to give them anything. “All the bounty belongs to us,” they say. Eventually, though, the King will take notice, and will look upon His servants and their actions. Then, in His great goodness, He will certainly reward them with all manner of goodness and prosperity; for He knows the truth, that the victory depended upon them, and that they deserve all the rewards and bounty that descended in the first place.
    Degel Machane Ephraim,

Hebrew: Sefer Baal Shem Tov. Lodz, 1938 · Public Domain

English: Baal Shem Tov; mystical teachings on the weekly Torah portion; by Rabbi Eliezer Shore. 2012 · CC-BY-NC

Texts from Sefaria.