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ויקהל 1

Ba'al Shem Tov · Vayakhel, Chapter 1

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    לא תבערו אש בכל מושבותיכם ביום השבת. מהבעש"ט זלה"ה, פירוש המשנה (שבת דמ"ד ע"א) מטלטלין נר חדש וכו' ר' שמעון אומר כל הנרות מטלטלין חוץ מן הנר הדולק בשבת, והוא דנשמת אדם קרוייה נר שנאמר (משלי כ׳:כ״ז) נר ה' נשמת אדם וחכמינו ז"ל דרשו (רבתי אמור פל"א סי' ד') נרך בידי וכו', ובזוהר הקדוש (תרומה דק"נ ע"ב) כי בשבת יוצאין כל הנשמות מגיהנם חוץ ממחללי שבת, ובזה יובן, מטלטלין נר חדש, ר"ל נשמה הקרוייה נר שלא נתלכלכה בצואת עונותיו מטלטלין ומוציאין אותה מגיהנם בשבת, אבל לא ישן שנתיישן בעונותיו, ר' שמעון אומר כל הנרות מטלטלין חוץ מנר הדולק בשבת, שמחלל השבת, שדולק נשמתו בגיהנם גם כן בשבת מדה כנגד מדה, ודפח"ח:
    (כתר שם טוב ח"ב די"ז ע"א, צפנת פענח דצ"ג ע"ג).

    Do not burn a fire in any of your dwellings on Shabbat. (Exodus 35:3)
    One may move a new lamp [on Shabbat],1The Mishnah discusses the laws of muktza, things which are forbidden to move on Shabbat by rabbinic decree. A new oil lamp may be moved if used to hold a permissible substance. but not an old one.2An oil lamp that has already been used cannot be moved on Shabbat, even if it is empty, since it is no longer fit for anything but lighting. (Earthenware lamps of ancient times generally became unsuitable for other purposes after their first use.) Rabbi Shimon says, One may move any lamp, except a lamp which burns on Shabbat.3R. Shimon disagrees and states that only lamps that are actually burning on the Shabbat cannot be moved, lest the fire go out. Shabbat 44a
    The human soul is called “a lamp,” as it says: “The soul of man is the lamp of G-d” (Proverbs 20:27), and the Sages said: “Your lamp is in My hands.”4Midrash Rabbah, Emor 31:4. According to the holy Zohar, all souls are taken out of Hell on Shabbat, except for those who desecrated Shabbat [during their lives].”5Zohar 2:150b.
    This explains the Mishnah above. “One may move a new lamp” – a soul, which is called a lamp, that did not [completely] befoul itself with sin6I.e., which is still relatively new. can be moved out of hell on Shabbat; however, an old lamp – a soul that had been entrenched in sin – may not. But R. Shimon says,7R. Shimon’s opinion in the Mishna is in keeping with the statement of the Zohar, which he authored. One may move any lamp except the lamp which burns on Shabbat. A person who desecrated Shabbat will burn in Hell even on the Shabbat, as retribution.
    Kesser Shem Tov, part 2, p. 17a

Hebrew: Sefer Baal Shem Tov. Lodz, 1938 · Public Domain

English: Baal Shem Tov; mystical teachings on the weekly Torah portion; by Rabbi Eliezer Shore. 2012 · CC-BY-NC

Texts from Sefaria.