(Deut. 14:22:) “You shall surely tithe.” What is written above the matter (in Deut. 14:21)? “You shall eat no carcass [that is not properly slaughtered].” R. 'Azariah, R. Johanan ben Haggai, and R. Isaac bar Maryon said in the name or R. Jose bar Hanina, “One who eats his produce untithed is like one who eats carcasses and those torn (terefah).29PRK 10:9. What is the reason? [It is first written (in Deut. 14:21),] ‘You shall eat no carcass.’ Then after that it is written (in vs. 22), ‘You shall surely tithe.’” R. Abin bar Rav Huna said in the name of R. Abba, “One who eats his produce without separating and [eats] tithes for the poor is liable for death.”30yQid. 2:9[8] (63a). R. Isaac said, “It is written in three places, ‘you shall not boil a kid in its mother's milk’: one for its own sake, one with reference to Torah, and one with reference to tithes.31Cf. PR 25:3. [Where the prohibition is given] for its own sake, what does it say (in Exod. 23:19)? ‘The choice first fruits of your land [you shall bring to the house of the Lord your God; you shall not boil a kid in its mother's milk.]’ What is written after that (in vs. 20), ‘Behold, I am sending an angel before you [to guard you on the way].’ With reference to Torah, it is written (in Exod. 34:26), ‘The choice first fruits of your land you shall bring to the house of the Lord your God; [you shall not boil a kid in its mother's milk.]’ What is written after it (in vs. 27)? ‘And the Lord said unto Moses, “Write down [these words].”’ With reference to tithes (in Deut. 14:22) it is written above (ibid.), ‘You shall eat no carcass […. You shall not boil (bshl) a kid (gedi) in its mother's milk (hlb).]’ Then after that is written (in Deut. 14:22), ‘You shall surely tithe.’ The Holy One, blessed be He, said, ‘Do not cause me to have the tender grains (gedayim)32On this reading of gedi here, see Jastrow, s.v. ripen prematurely (bshl) in the fat (hlb)33This meaning comes from voweling the text as helev instead of halev. of their mothers, while they are in the belly of their mothers (i.e., in their pods).34The midrash is interpreting the prohibition in terms of agricultural products that are tithed. Thus the verse fits the context of what follows. Thus unless you take out a tithe properly, I will send out a certain wind from the east to blast them (i.e., the tender grains), just as you have said (in II Kings 19:26 = Is. 37:27), ‘and blasted before it is grown.’”
עַשֵּׂר תְּעַשֵּׂר. מַה כְּתִיב לְמַעְלָה מִן הָעִנְיָן, לֹא תֹּאכְלוּ כָּל נְבֵלָה וְגוֹ'. רַבִּי עֲזַרְיָה וְרַבִּי יוֹנָתָן בַּר חַגַּי וְרַבִּי יִצְחָק בְּרַבִּי מַרְיוֹן, בְּשֵׁם רַבִּי יוֹסִי בַּר חֲנַנְיָה אוֹמֵר, הָאוֹכֵל פֵּרוֹתָיו טְבָלִים, כְּאִלּוּ אוֹכֵל נְבֵלוֹת וּטְרֵפוֹת. מַה טַּעַם. לֹא תֹּאכְלוּ כָּל נְבֵלָה, וּכְתִיב בַּתְרֵיהּ, עַשֵּׂר תְּעַשֵּׂר. וְרַבִּי אָבִין בַּר רַב הוּנָא בְּשֵׁם רַבִּי אַבָּא אָמַר, הָאוֹכֵל פֵּרוֹתָיו טְבָלִים וּמַעֲשַׂר עָנִי, חַיָּב מִיתָה. אָמַר רַבִּי יִצְחָק, בִּשְׁלֹשָה מְקוֹמוֹת כְּתִיב, לֹא תְּבַשֵּׁל גְּדִי בַּחֲלֵב אִמּוֹ, אֶחָד לְעִנְיָנוֹ, וְאֶחָד לְעִנְיַן תּוֹרָה, וְאֶחָד לְעִנְיַן מַעַשְׂרוֹת. לְעִנְיָנוֹ, דִּכְתִיב: רֵאשִׁית בִּכּוּרֵי אַדְמָתְךָ (שמות כג, יט). מַה כְּתִיב אַחֲרָיו, הִנֵּה אָנֹכִי שׁוֹלֵחַ מַלְאָךְ לְפָנֶיךָ. לְעִנְיַן תּוֹרָה, דִּכְתִיב: רֵאשִׁית בִּכּוּרֵי אַדְמָתְךָ תָּבִיא בֵּית ה' אֱלֹהֶיךָ (שם לד, גו). מַה כְּתִיב אַחֲרָיו, וַיֹּאמֶר ה' אֶל מֹשֶׁה כְּתֹב לְךָ אֶת הַדְּבָרִים הָאֵלֶּה. לְעִנְיַן מַעֲשֵׂר, דִּכְתִּיב לְמַעְלָה, לֹא תֹּאכְלוּ כָּל נְבֵלָה וְגוֹ'. וּכְתִיב בַּתְרֵיהּ, עַשֵּׂר תְּעַשֵּׂר. אָמַר הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא, אֶל תִּגְרְמוּ לִי לְבַשֵּׁל גְּדָיִים בַּחֲלֵב אִמּוֹתֵיהֶן עַד שֶׁהֵן בִּמְעֵי אִמּוֹתֵיהֶן. שֶׁאִם אֵין אַתֶּם מוֹצִיאִין מֵעַשְׂרוֹתֵיכֶם כָּרָאוּי, רוּחַ אַחַת שֶׁל קָדִים אֲנִי מוֹצִיא וּמְשַׁדַּפְתָּן כְּמָה דְּאַתְּ אֲמַר: וּשְׁדֵפָה לִפְנֵי קָמָה (מל״ב יט, כו).
(Deut. 14:22:) “You shall surely tithe.” What is written above the matter (in Deut. 14:21)? “You shall eat no carcass [that is not properly slaughtered].” R. 'Azariah, R. Johanan ben Haggai, and R. Isaac bar Maryon said in the name or R. Jose bar Hanina, “One who eats his produce untithed is like one who eats carcasses and those torn (terefah).29PRK 10:9. What is the reason? [It is first written (in Deut. 14:21),] ‘You shall eat no carcass.’ Then after that it is written (in vs. 22), ‘You shall surely tithe.’” R. Abin bar Rav Huna said in the name of R. Abba, “One who eats his produce without separating and [eats] tithes for the poor is liable for death.”30yQid. 2:9[8] (63a). R. Isaac said, “It is written in three places, ‘you shall not boil a kid in its mother's milk’: one for its own sake, one with reference to Torah, and one with reference to tithes.31Cf. PR 25:3. [Where the prohibition is given] for its own sake, what does it say (in Exod. 23:19)? ‘The choice first fruits of your land [you shall bring to the house of the Lord your God; you shall not boil a kid in its mother's milk.]’ What is written after that (in vs. 20), ‘Behold, I am sending an angel before you [to guard you on the way].’ With reference to Torah, it is written (in Exod. 34:26), ‘The choice first fruits of your land you shall bring to the house of the Lord your God; [you shall not boil a kid in its mother's milk.]’ What is written after it (in vs. 27)? ‘And the Lord said unto Moses, “Write down [these words].”’ With reference to tithes (in Deut. 14:22) it is written above (ibid.), ‘You shall eat no carcass […. You shall not boil (bshl) a kid (gedi) in its mother's milk (hlb).]’ Then after that is written (in Deut. 14:22), ‘You shall surely tithe.’ The Holy One, blessed be He, said, ‘Do not cause me to have the tender grains (gedayim)32On this reading of gedi here, see Jastrow, s.v. ripen prematurely (bshl) in the fat (hlb)33This meaning comes from voweling the text as helev instead of halev. of their mothers, while they are in the belly of their mothers (i.e., in their pods).34The midrash is interpreting the prohibition in terms of agricultural products that are tithed. Thus the verse fits the context of what follows. Thus unless you take out a tithe properly, I will send out a certain wind from the east to blast them (i.e., the tender grains), just as you have said (in II Kings 19:26 = Is. 37:27), ‘and blasted before it is grown.’”