(Devarim 22:9) "You shall not sow your vineyard with mixed seed": [I might think that he may not sow one (variety) by itself and another by itself; it is, therefore, written "kilayim" (mixed seed), but each by itself is permitted. Variantly:] "kilayim": Why is this needed? Is it not already written (Vayikra 19:19) "You shall not sow your field kilayim"? To impose liability for both "vineyard" and "field." We are hereby taught that one who sows kilayim in a vineyard transgresses two negative commandments.
This tells me only of a full-grown vineyard. Whence do I derive (the same for) one with a few fruitful vines? From ("the produce of) the vineyard" — any vineyard. If one trains a grapevine onto seeds, even for (a distance of) one hundred ells, the grapevine is forbidden. This (verse) tells me (that it is forbidden) only in a fruitful vineyard. Whence do I derive (the same for) one that is not fruitful? From "the vineyard" — in any event. This tells me only of your vineyard. Whence do I derive (the same for) the vineyard of others? According to R. Yossi, from "the vineyard" — in any event. "lest tikdash the fullness of the seed": lest there be forbidden.
And whence is it derived that it is forbidden to benefit from vineyard kilayim? It is written here "kodesh" (i.e., "tikdash"), and elsewhere, "kodesh," (Vayikra 5:15 "and he sin unwittingly [by deriving benefit] from the holy tings ["kodshei"] of the L-rd.") Just as there, derivation of benefit is being forbidden, here, too, derivation of benefit is being forbidden.
"lest there be rejected the fullness of the seed … and the produce of the vineyard." When is the produce rejected? When it takes root. And grapes? When they become like the 'white (egyptian) bean'. "which you shall sow": This tells me only of what he himself sows. Whence do I derive (as likewise interdicted) what his neighbor sows (in the former's field) and which he would like to sustain? From "the seed" — in any event.
"which you shall sow": to exclude seed which entered (unintentionally) along with fertilizer or with water, or seed which he sowed and which was blown in by the wind. I might think that also excluded is seed blown in by the help of the wind, (the sower intending this to happen); it is, therefore, written "the seed," (in which the aforementioned instance is subsumed).
If one sustains thorns in a vineyard, R. Eliezer says he is in transgression of kilayim, it being written "which you sow." The sages say: "the seed" excludes the sustaining of thorns in a vineyard.
This (verse) tells me (that it is forbidden) only in a fruitful vineyard. Whence do I derive (the same for) one that is not fruitful? From "the vineyard" — in any event. This tells me only of your vineyard. Whence do I derive (the same for) the vineyard of others? According to R. Yossi, from "the vineyard" — in any event.
I might think that he may not sow one (variety) by itself and another by itself; it is, therefore, written "together", but each by itself is permitted.
"which you shall sow": This tells me only of what he himself sows. Whence do I derive what his neighbor sows (in the former's field) and which he would like to sustain? From "which you shall sow" — in any event.
(דברים כב ט) לֹא תִזְרַע כַּרְמְךָ כִּלְאָיִם, מָה אֲנִי צָרִיךְ? וַהֲלֹא כְּבָר נֶאֱמַר (ויקרא יט יט) ״שָׂדְךָ לֹא תִזְרַע כִּלְאָיִם״! מְלַמֵּד שֶׁכָּל הַמְקַיֵּם כִּלְאַיִם בַּכֶּרֶם עוֹבֵר בִּשְׁנֵי לָאוִים.
(Devarim 22:9) "You shall not sow your vineyard with mixed seed": [I might think that he may not sow one (variety) by itself and another by itself; it is, therefore, written "kilayim" (mixed seed), but each by itself is permitted. Variantly:] "kilayim": Why is this needed? Is it not already written (Vayikra 19:19) "You shall not sow your field kilayim"? To impose liability for both "vineyard" and "field." We are hereby taught that one who sows kilayim in a vineyard transgresses two negative commandments.
אֵין לִי אֶלָּא כֶּרֶם שָׁלֵם. מִנַּיִן אֲפִלּוּ גֶּפֶן יְחִידִי וְעוֹשֶׂה פֵּרוֹת? תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר כֶּרֶם, מִכָּל מָקוֹם.
This tells me only of a full-grown vineyard. Whence do I derive (the same for) one with a few fruitful vines? From ("the produce of) the vineyard" — any vineyard. If one trains a grapevine onto seeds, even for (a distance of) one hundred ells, the grapevine is forbidden. This (verse) tells me (that it is forbidden) only in a fruitful vineyard. Whence do I derive (the same for) one that is not fruitful? From "the vineyard" — in any event. This tells me only of your vineyard. Whence do I derive (the same for) the vineyard of others? According to R. Yossi, from "the vineyard" — in any event. "lest tikdash the fullness of the seed": lest there be forbidden.
מִנַּיִן לְכִלְאֵי הַכֶּרֶם שֶׁאֲסוּרִים בַּהֲנָיָה? נֶאֱמַר כָּאן תִּקְדַּשׁ, וְנֶאֱמַר לְהַלָּן (ויקרא ה טו) ״קֹדֶשׁ״ – מָה קֹדֶשׁ הָאָמוּר לְהַלָּן אָסוּר בַּהֲנָיָה, אַף קֹדֶשׁ הָאָמוּר כָּאן אָסוּר בַּהֲנָיָה.
And whence is it derived that it is forbidden to benefit from vineyard kilayim? It is written here "kodesh" (i.e., "tikdash"), and elsewhere, "kodesh," (Vayikra 5:15 "and he sin unwittingly [by deriving benefit] from the holy tings ["kodshei"] of the L-rd.") Just as there, derivation of benefit is being forbidden, here, too, derivation of benefit is being forbidden.
פֶּן תִּקְדַּשׁ הַמְלֵאָה הַזֶּרַע, מֵאֵימָתַי הַמְלֵאָה הַזֶּרַע מִתְקַדֶּשֶׁת? – מִשֶּׁתַּשְׁרִישׁ, וַעֲנָבִים? – מִשֶּׁיַּעֲשׂוּ כְּפוֹל לָבָן.
"lest there be rejected the fullness of the seed … and the produce of the vineyard." When is the produce rejected? When it takes root. And grapes? When they become like the 'white (egyptian) bean'. "which you shall sow": This tells me only of what he himself sows. Whence do I derive (as likewise interdicted) what his neighbor sows (in the former's field) and which he would like to sustain? From "the seed" — in any event.
הַזֶּרַע – פְּרָט לְזֶרַע שֶׁיָּצָא עִם הַזְּבָלִים אוֹ עִם הַמַּיִם, הַזּוֹרֵעַ וְהָרוּחַ מְסַעַרְתּוֹ. יָכוֹל שֶׁאֲנִי מוֹצִיא הַזּוֹרֵעַ וְהָרוּחַ מְסַיַּעְתּוֹ? תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר: אֲשֶׁר תִּזְרָע.
"which you shall sow": to exclude seed which entered (unintentionally) along with fertilizer or with water, or seed which he sowed and which was blown in by the wind. I might think that also excluded is seed blown in by the help of the wind, (the sower intending this to happen); it is, therefore, written "the seed," (in which the aforementioned instance is subsumed).
הַמְקַיֵּם קוֹצִים בַּכֶּרֶם, רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר אוֹמֵר: קָדַשׁ, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר אֲשֶׁר תִּזְרָע, וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים: זֶרַע פְּרָט לַמְקַיֵּם קוֹצִים בַּכֶּרֶם.
If one sustains thorns in a vineyard, R. Eliezer says he is in transgression of kilayim, it being written "which you sow." The sages say: "the seed" excludes the sustaining of thorns in a vineyard.
וּתְבוּאַת הַכָּרֶם, מֵאֵימָתַי הַתְּבוּאָה מִתְקַדֶּשֶׁת? מִשֶּׁתַּשְׁרִישׁ, וַעֲנָבִים מִשֶּׁיַּעֲלוּ כְּפוֹל לָבָן.
"and produce of the vineyard": When is the produce rejected? When it takes root. And grapes? When they become like the 'white (egyptian) bean'.
אֵין לִי אֶלָּא כֶּרֶם שֶׁהוּא עוֹשֶׂה פֵּרוֹת, כֶּרֶם שֶׁאֵינוֹ עוֹשֶׂה פֵּרוֹת מִנַּיִן? תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר: כֶּרֶם, מִכָּל מָקוֹם. אֵין לִי אֶלָּא כֶּרֶם שֶׁלְּךָ, כֶּרֶם שֶׁל אֲחֵרִים מִנַּיִן? תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר: לֹא תִזְרַע כַּרְמְךָ כִּלְאָיִם, מִכָּל מָקוֹם.
This (verse) tells me (that it is forbidden) only in a fruitful vineyard. Whence do I derive (the same for) one that is not fruitful? From "the vineyard" — in any event. This tells me only of your vineyard. Whence do I derive (the same for) the vineyard of others? According to R. Yossi, from "the vineyard" — in any event.
הַמּוֹתֵחַ זְמוֹרָה שֶׁל גֶּפֶן עַל גַּבֵּי זְרָעִים, אֲפִלּוּ מֵאָה אַמָּה – הַגֶּפֶן אֲסוּרָה וּפֵירוֹתֶיהָ.
If one trains a grapevine onto seeds, even for (a distance of) one one square ell, the grapevine is forbidden.
[(דברים כב י) לֹא תַחֲרֹשׁ בְּשׁוֹר וַחֲמֹר –] יָכוֹל לֹא יַחֲרֹשׁ עַל זֶה בִּפְנֵי עַצְמוֹ, וְעַל זֶה בִּפְנֵי עַצְמוֹ? תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר: יַחְדָּו. אֲבָל זֶה בִּפְנֵי עַצְמוֹ וְזֶה בִּפְנֵי עַצְמוֹ – מֻתָּר.
I might think that he may not sow one (variety) by itself and another by itself; it is, therefore, written "together", but each by itself is permitted.
דָּבָר אַחֵר: ״כִּלְאַיִם״ – לְחַיֵּב מִשּׁוּם כֶּרֶם וּמִשּׁוּם שָׂדֶה.
(Variantly:) "Kilayim":To impose liability for both "vineyard" and "field."
דָּבָר אַחֵר: ״פֶּן תִּקְדַּשׁ הַמְלֵאָה״ – פֶּן תֵּאָסֵר הַמְלֵאָה, כְּדִבְרֵי רַבִּי יֹאשִׁיָּה.
Variantly: "lest tikdash the fullness of the seed": lest there be forbidden, as R' Yehuda has said.
אֲשֶׁר תִּזְרַע, אֵין לִי אֶלָּא שֶׁזָּרַע הוּא. זָרַע חֲבֵירוֹ וְרָצָה לְקַיְּמוֹ מִנַּיִן? תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר: תִּזְרַע, מִכָּל מָקוֹם.
"which you shall sow": This tells me only of what he himself sows. Whence do I derive what his neighbor sows (in the former's field) and which he would like to sustain? From "which you shall sow" — in any event.