If a sack full of produce was put by the side of a river or by the side of the mouth of a cistern or on the steps of a cavern, and [the produce] absorbed water, all [the produce] which absorbed the water comes under the law of ‘if water be put’. Rabbi Judah says: all [the produce] which faced the water comes under the law of ‘if water be put’, but all [the produce] which did not face the water does not come under the law of ‘if water be put’.
A jar full of produce which was put into liquids, or a jar full of liquids was put into produce and [the produce] absorbed, all [the produce] which absorbed comes under the law of ‘if water be put’. Concerning what liquids were they speaking? Water, wine and vinegar; but all the other liquids do not cause susceptibility to uncleanness. Rabbi Nehemiah says pulse is insusceptible, because pulse does not absorb [liquids].
One who drew hot bread off the side of an oven and put it upon the mouth of a jar of wine: Rabbi Meir declares it susceptible to uncleanness; But Rabbi Judah declares it insusceptible. Rabbi Yose declares it insusceptible in the case of wheat bread and susceptible in the case of barley bread, because barley absorbs [liquids].
If one sprinkled [the floor of] his house [with water] and put wheat therein and it became moist: If [the moisture came] from the water, it comes under the law of ‘if water be put’; But if [the moisture came] from the stones [on the floor], it does not come under the law of ‘if water be put’. If one washed his garment in a tub and put wheat therein and it became moist: If [the moisture came] from the water, it comes under the law of ‘if water be put’; But if [the moisture came] of itself, it does not come under the law of ‘if water be put’. If one put [produce] in sand for it to become moist, this comes under the law of ‘if water be put’. It happened with the men of Mahoz that they used to moisten [their produce] with sand, and the sages said to them: if you have always acted in this manner, you have never prepared your food in purity.
If one moistened [produce] with drying clay: Rabbi Shimon says: if there was still in it dripping liquid, it comes under the law of ‘if water be put’; But if there was not, it does not come under the law of ‘if water be put’. If one sprinkled his threshing-floor with water, he need not be concerned lest wheat be put there and it become moist. If one gathered grass with the dew still on it in order to moisten wheat with it, it does not come under the law of ‘if water be put’, But if his intention was for this purpose, it does come under the law of ‘if water be put’. If one carried wheat to be milled and rain came down upon it and he was glad of it, it comes under the law of ‘if water be put’. Rabbi Judah said: one cannot help being glad of it. Rather, [it comes under the law] only if he stopped [on his way].
If his olives were put on the roof and rain came down upon them and he was glad of it, it comes under the law of ‘if water be put’. Rabbi Judah said: one cannot help being glad of it. Rather, [it comes under the law] only if he plugged up the gutter or if he shook the water [onto the olives].
If donkey-drivers were crossing a river and their sacks [filled with produce] fell into the water and they were happy about it, it comes under the law of ‘if water be put’. Rabbi Judah says: one cannot help being happy about it. Rather, [it comes under the law] only if they turned over [the sacks]. If one's feet were full of clay, similarly, the feet of his beast, and he crossed a river and he was happy about it, this comes under the law of ‘if water be put’. Rabbi Judah says: one cannot help being happy about it. Rather, [it comes under the law] only if he stopped and rinsed off his [feet] or those of his [domesticated] beast. But with an unclean [beast] it always causes susceptibility to uncleanness.
If one lowered wheels or the gear of oxen into water at the time of the hot east wind in order that they might become tightened, this comes under the law of ‘if water be put’. If one took down a beast to drink, the water which came up on its mouth comes under the law of ‘if water be put’, but that which came up on its feet does not come under the law of ‘if water be put’. If he intended that its feet should be washed, even the water that came up on its feet comes under the law of ‘if water be put’. At the time of footsoreness or of threshing it always causes susceptibility to uncleanness. If a deaf-mute, an imbecile or a minor took it down, even though his intention was that its feet should be washed, it does not come under the law of ‘if water be put’, because with these the act alone counts, but not the intention.
שַׂק שֶׁהוּא מָלֵא פֵרוֹת וּנְתָנוֹ עַל גַּב הַנָּהָר, אוֹ עַל פִּי הַבּוֹר, אוֹ עַל מַעֲלוֹת הַמְּעָרָה, וְשָׁאֲבוּ, כֹּל שֶׁשָּׁאֲבוּ, בְּכִי יֻתַּן. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, כֹּל שֶׁהוּא כְנֶגֶד הַמַּיִם, בְּכִי יֻתַּן. וְכֹל שֶׁאֵינוֹ כְנֶגֶד הַמַּיִם, אֵינוֹ בְּכִי יֻתַּן:
If a sack full of produce was put by the side of a river or by the side of the mouth of a cistern or on the steps of a cavern, and [the produce] absorbed water, all [the produce] which absorbed the water comes under the law of ‘if water be put’. Rabbi Judah says: all [the produce] which faced the water comes under the law of ‘if water be put’, but all [the produce] which did not face the water does not come under the law of ‘if water be put’.
חָבִית שֶׁהִיא מְלֵאָה פֵרוֹת וּנְתוּנָה לְתוֹךְ הַמַּשְׁקִין, אוֹ מְלֵאָה מַשְׁקִין וּנְתוּנָה לְתוֹךְ הַפֵּרוֹת, וְשָׁאֲבוּ, כֹּל שֶׁשָּׁאֲבוּ, בְּכִי יֻתַּן. בְּאֵלּוּ מַשְׁקִים אָמְרוּ, בְּמַיִם וּבְיַיִן וּבְחֹמֶץ. וּשְׁאָר כָּל הַמַּשְׁקִין, טְהוֹרִין. רַבִּי נְחֶמְיָה מְטַהֵר בְּקִטְנִית, שֶׁאֵין הַקִּטְנִית שׁוֹאָבֶת:
A jar full of produce which was put into liquids, or a jar full of liquids was put into produce and [the produce] absorbed, all [the produce] which absorbed comes under the law of ‘if water be put’. Concerning what liquids were they speaking? Water, wine and vinegar; but all the other liquids do not cause susceptibility to uncleanness. Rabbi Nehemiah says pulse is insusceptible, because pulse does not absorb [liquids].
הָרוֹדֶה פַת חַמָּה וּנְתָנָהּ עַל פִּי חָבִית שֶׁל יַיִן, רַבִּי מֵאִיר מְטַמֵּא. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה מְטַהֵר. רַבִּי יוֹסֵי מְטַהֵר בְּשֶׁל חִטִּים וּמְטַמֵּא בְשֶׁל שְׂעֹרִים, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהַשְּׂעֹרִים שׁוֹאֲבוֹת:
One who drew hot bread off the side of an oven and put it upon the mouth of a jar of wine: Rabbi Meir declares it susceptible to uncleanness; But Rabbi Judah declares it insusceptible. Rabbi Yose declares it insusceptible in the case of wheat bread and susceptible in the case of barley bread, because barley absorbs [liquids].
הַמְרַבֵּץ אֶת בֵּיתוֹ וְנָתַן בּוֹ חִטִּים וְטָנְנוּ, אִם מֵחֲמַת הַמַּיִם, בְּכִי יֻתַּן. וְאִם מֵחֲמַת הַסֶּלַע, אֵינָן בְּכִי יֻתַּן. הַמְכַבֵּס אֶת כְּסוּתוֹ בַּעֲרֵבָה, נָתַן בָּהּ חִטִּים וְטָנְנוּ, אִם מֵחֲמַת הַמַּיִם, בְּכִי יֻתַּן. אִם מֵחֲמַת עַצְמָן, אֵינָן בְּכִי יֻתַּן. הַמְטַנֵּן בְּחֹל, הֲרֵי זֶה בְכִי יֻתַּן. מַעֲשֶׂה בְאַנְשֵׁי הַמָּחוֹז שֶׁהָיוּ מְטִנִּין בְּחֹל, אָמְרוּ לָהֶם חֲכָמִים, אִם כָּךְ הֱיִיתֶם עוֹשִׂים, לֹא עֲשִׂיתֶם טָהֳרָה מִימֵיכֶם:
If one sprinkled [the floor of] his house [with water] and put wheat therein and it became moist: If [the moisture came] from the water, it comes under the law of ‘if water be put’; But if [the moisture came] from the stones [on the floor], it does not come under the law of ‘if water be put’. If one washed his garment in a tub and put wheat therein and it became moist: If [the moisture came] from the water, it comes under the law of ‘if water be put’; But if [the moisture came] of itself, it does not come under the law of ‘if water be put’. If one put [produce] in sand for it to become moist, this comes under the law of ‘if water be put’. It happened with the men of Mahoz that they used to moisten [their produce] with sand, and the sages said to them: if you have always acted in this manner, you have never prepared your food in purity.
הַמְטַנֵּן בְּטִיט הַנָּגוּב, רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר, אִם יֶשׁ בּוֹ מַשְׁקֶה טוֹפֵחַ, בְּכִי יֻתַּן. וְאִם לָאו, אֵינוֹ בְּכִי יֻתַּן. הַמְרַבֵּץ אֶת גָּרְנוֹ, אֵינוֹ חוֹשֵׁשׁ שֶׁמָּא נָתַן בָּהּ חִטִּים וְטָנְנוּ. הַמְלַקֵּט עֲשָׂבִים כְּשֶׁהַטַּל עֲלֵיהֶם, לְהָטֵן בָּהֶם חִטִּים, אֵינָן בְּכִי יֻתַּן. אִם נִתְכַּוֵּן לְכָךְ, הֲרֵי זֶה בְכִי יֻתַּן. הַמּוֹלִיךְ חִטִּין לִטְחֹן וְיָרְדוּ עֲלֵיהֶן גְּשָׁמִים, אִם שָׂמַח, בְּכִי יֻתַּן. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, אִי אֶפְשָׁר שֶׁלֹּא לִשְׂמֹחַ, אֶלָּא אִם עָמָד:
If one moistened [produce] with drying clay: Rabbi Shimon says: if there was still in it dripping liquid, it comes under the law of ‘if water be put’; But if there was not, it does not come under the law of ‘if water be put’. If one sprinkled his threshing-floor with water, he need not be concerned lest wheat be put there and it become moist. If one gathered grass with the dew still on it in order to moisten wheat with it, it does not come under the law of ‘if water be put’, But if his intention was for this purpose, it does come under the law of ‘if water be put’. If one carried wheat to be milled and rain came down upon it and he was glad of it, it comes under the law of ‘if water be put’. Rabbi Judah said: one cannot help being glad of it. Rather, [it comes under the law] only if he stopped [on his way].
הָיוּ זֵיתָיו נְתוּנִים בַּגַּג וְיָרְדוּ עֲלֵיהֶן גְּשָׁמִים, אִם שָׂמַח, בְּכִי יֻתַּן. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, אִי אֶפְשָׁר שֶׁלֹּא לִשְׂמֹחַ, אֶלָּא, אִם פָּקַק אֶת הַצִּנּוֹר אוֹ אִם חִלְחֵל לְתוֹכָן:
If his olives were put on the roof and rain came down upon them and he was glad of it, it comes under the law of ‘if water be put’. Rabbi Judah said: one cannot help being glad of it. Rather, [it comes under the law] only if he plugged up the gutter or if he shook the water [onto the olives].
הַחַמָּרִין שֶׁהָיוּ עוֹבְרִים בַּנָּהָר וְנָפְלוּ שַׂקֵּיהֶם לַמַּיִם, אִם שָׂמְחוּ, בְּכִי יֻתַּן. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, אִי אֶפְשָׁר שֶׁלֹּא לִשְׂמֹחַ, אֶלָּא, אִם הָפְכוּ. הָיוּ רַגְלָיו מְלֵאוֹת טִיט, וְכֵן רַגְלֵי בְהֶמְתּוֹ, עָבַר בַּנָּהָר, אִם שָׂמַח, בְּכִי יֻתַּן. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, אִי אֶפְשָׁר שֶׁלֹּא לִשְׂמֹחַ, אֶלָּא, אִם עָמַד וְהֵדִיחַ. בְּאָדָם וּבִבְהֵמָה טְמֵאָה, לְעוֹלָם טָמֵא:
If donkey-drivers were crossing a river and their sacks [filled with produce] fell into the water and they were happy about it, it comes under the law of ‘if water be put’. Rabbi Judah says: one cannot help being happy about it. Rather, [it comes under the law] only if they turned over [the sacks]. If one's feet were full of clay, similarly, the feet of his beast, and he crossed a river and he was happy about it, this comes under the law of ‘if water be put’. Rabbi Judah says: one cannot help being happy about it. Rather, [it comes under the law] only if he stopped and rinsed off his [feet] or those of his [domesticated] beast. But with an unclean [beast] it always causes susceptibility to uncleanness.
הַמּוֹרִיד אֶת הַגַּלְגַּלִּים וְאֶת כְּלֵי הַבָּקָר בִּשְׁעַת הַקָּדִים לַמַּיִם בִּשְׁבִיל שֶׁיָּחוּצוּ, הֲרֵי זֶה בְכִי יֻתַּן. הַמּוֹרִיד בְּהֵמָה לִשְׁתּוֹת, הַמַּיִם הָעוֹלִים בְּפִיהָ, בְּכִי יֻתַּן. וּבְרַגְלֶיהָ, אֵינָן בְּכִי יֻתַּן. אִם חָשַׁב שֶׁיּוּדְחוּ רַגְלֶיהָ, אַף הָעוֹלִין בְּרַגְלֶיהָ, בְּכִי יֻתַּן. בִּשְׁעַת הַיַּחַף וְהַדַּיִשׁ, לְעוֹלָם טָמֵא. הוֹרִיד חֵרֵשׁ שׁוֹטֶה וְקָטָן, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁחוֹשֵׁב שֶׁיּוּדְחוּ רַגְלֶיהָ, אֵינָן בְּכִי יֻתַּן, שֶׁיֶּשׁ לָהֶן מַעֲשֶׂה וְאֵין לָהֶן מַחֲשָׁבָה:
If one lowered wheels or the gear of oxen into water at the time of the hot east wind in order that they might become tightened, this comes under the law of ‘if water be put’. If one took down a beast to drink, the water which came up on its mouth comes under the law of ‘if water be put’, but that which came up on its feet does not come under the law of ‘if water be put’. If he intended that its feet should be washed, even the water that came up on its feet comes under the law of ‘if water be put’. At the time of footsoreness or of threshing it always causes susceptibility to uncleanness. If a deaf-mute, an imbecile or a minor took it down, even though his intention was that its feet should be washed, it does not come under the law of ‘if water be put’, because with these the act alone counts, but not the intention.