To not claim a debt that the seventh year passed: To not claim a debt during the sabbatical year, but rather it should be released, and he should not claim it [any] more. And about this is it stated (Deuteronomy 15:2), “he shall not press his neighbor and his brother, etc.”
As is my custom, I have have written from the roots of the commandment and all of its content above, and adjacently in the positive commandment (Sefer HaChinukh 477) of this negative commandment in this Order. And one who transgresses it and claims his loan after the sabbatical year at the time of the [Temple] has violated this negative commandment. But there are no lashes for it, as there is no act [involved] with it.
שֶׁלֹּא לִתְבֹּעַ חוֹב שֶׁעָבְרָה עָלָיו שְׁבִיעִית – שֶׁלֹּא לִתְבֹּעַ הַחוֹב בִּשְׁנַת הַשְּׁמִטָּה, אֲבָל יְהֵא נִשְׁמָט, וְלֹא נִתְבָּעֶנּוּ עוֹד, וְעַל זֶה נֶאֱמַר (דברים טו ב) לֹא יִגֹּשׂ אֶת רֵעֵהוּ וְאֶת אָחִיו וְגוֹ'.
To not claim a debt that the seventh year passed: To not claim a debt during the sabbatical year, but rather it should be released, and he should not claim it [any] more. And about this is it stated (Deuteronomy 15:2), “he shall not press his neighbor and his brother, etc.”
מִשָּׁרְשֵׁי מִצְוָה זוֹ וְכָל עִנְיָנָהּ, כְּמִנְהָגִי כָּתַבְתִּי בְּמִצְוַת עֲשֵׂה (תע"ז) שֶׁבְּסֵדֶר זֶה. וְהָעוֹבֵר עַל זֶה וְתָבַע הַלְוָאָתוֹ אַחַר שְׁנַת הַשְּׁמִטָּה בִּזְמַן הַבַּיִת עָבַר עַל לָאו זֶה, אֲבָל אֵין בּוֹ מַלְקוּת, לְפִי שֶׁאֵין בּוֹ מַעֲשֶׂה.
As is my custom, I have have written from the roots of the commandment and all of its content above, and adjacently in the positive commandment (Sefer HaChinukh 477) of this negative commandment in this Order. And one who transgresses it and claims his loan after the sabbatical year at the time of the [Temple] has violated this negative commandment. But there are no lashes for it, as there is no act [involved] with it.